formative year（48个音标 及代表的字母）

本文目录

• 48个音标 及代表的字母
• 加急求助：asking for suggestions on speech!
• 成龙的成长史 英语100词 速度支援啊
• pretty good year（LP Version）tori amos 歌词的中文翻译

48个音标 及代表的字母

48个国际音标表
元音
12个单元音
长元音

短元音

8个双元音
辅音
10对
清辅音

浊辅音

3个鼻音

3个似拼音

2个半元音
英语音标发音规则
一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
在开音节中
name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中
bag dad hat map black back
e
在开音节中
he these me Chinese
在闭音节中
bed let pen desk yes egg
i
在开音节中
bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中
fish big drink sit milk swim
o
在开音节中
those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中
clock not box shop sock
u
在开音节中
student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中
bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读音,例如:June blue ruler super
二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e
hundred student open weekend
nerve serve term
chicken pocket begin children
i
holiday beautiful family animal
exercise satellite
o
second tonight somebody welcome
also zero photo
u
autumn difficult
popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读音,例如:July influence February issue
三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a在音后面
want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前
find child light high
o在-st -ld前
most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前
come monkey love mother
四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
ar
ar在音后面
car farm dark sharpener
warm quarter towards
or
or在音后面
forty morning short
word worker worse
er ir ur
certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
are
care dare hare
ere
here mere
ire
fire hire wire
ore
more score before
ure
pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读音,例如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读音.
例如:parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如:orange very American paragraph
六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
ai/ay
afraid rain wait day play
air
air hair chair pair repair
al在f m前
small ball talk wall all
always also salt almost bald
half calm
au/aw
autumn daughter draw
ea
teach easy cheap please
heavy bread sweater weather
break great
ear
hear dear near clear year
bear pear wear
earth learn early
ee
jeep week green three
eer
pioneer deer beer
ei/ey
eight neighbour they
either key
eu/ew在j l r s后
new few newspaper
flew brew
ie/ei在音之后
piece field receive
oa
coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor
roar board door floor
oi/oy
noise point boy toilet
oo
broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow
flower house count down
know row throw though
young country enough
group you soup
our
course your four
our hour ours
journey
ui
在j l r s后
fluid suicide tuition
juice fruit suit
七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读 音
例 词
ai/ay ei/ey
Sunday foreign monkey
ow
yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读.
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion
impression nation
-sion在元音字母后
vision decision occasion
-tion在s后
question suggestion
-sten
listen
-stle
whistle
-sure
pleasure measure
-ture
picture culture
八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.
例如:
everyday
handbag
blackboard
有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.
例如:
sun太阳 + day 星期天
holy神圣 + day 假日
break中断 + fast 早餐
cup茶杯 + board木板 碗柜
九,辅字组的读音
辅字组
读 音
例 词
b
bike bus bag
bomb tomb
c
c在e前或在i/y前
cake picture coat music
face decide cinema
ch
much chick rich teacher
school headache chemistry
machine
-ck
cock pocket black knock
d
doctor bread hand day
-dge
bridge fridge
dr-
children driver drink
f
five four breakfast
g
g在e i/y前
bag gardon go
orange large German
gh
cough enough
light daughter high
gu- -gue
gu在非重读音节中
guess league dialogue
language anguish
h
hot head house hand
hour honest
j
jeep jar joke join July
k
kind bike skate make week
kn-
knife know knock
l
life milk school tall
m
monkey come autumn
-mn
autumn column
n
n在音前
not shine ten note
uncle thank hungry
-ng
morning young wrong
p
paper plane pig ship pen
ph
elephant photo telephone
q
Iraq
qu-
quality quite
r
red rubber ruler

加急求助：asking for suggestions on speech!

1943年宋美龄在美国国会有次演讲，很好的
The committee appointed by Vice president, preceded by the Secretary of the Senate (Edwin A. Halsey), and the Sergeant at Arms (Wall Doxey), and consisting of Mr. Barkley, Mr. McNary, Mr. Connally, Mr. Capper, And Mrs. Caraway, entered the Chamber at the main door and escorted Mme. Chiang Kai-shek to a seat at the desk immediately in front of the Vice President.
(Mme. Chiang Kai-shek was greeted with prolonged applause, Senators and guests of the Senate rising.)
The VICE PRESIDENT. Senators, distinguished guests, Mme. Chiang Kai-shek, wife of the Generalissimo of the armies of China, will now address you.

ADDRESS BY MME. CHIANG KAI-SHEK
Mr. President, Members of the Senate of the United States, ladies and gentlemen, I am overwhelmed by the warmth and spontaneity of the welcome of the American people, of whom you are the representatives. I did not know that I was to speak to you today at the Senate except to say, “How do you do? I am so very glad to see you,” and to bring the greetings to my people
to the people of America. However, just before coming here, the Vice President told me that he would like to have me say a few words to you.
I am not a very good extemporaneous speaker; in fact, I am no speaker at all; but I am not so very much discouraged, because a few days ago I was at Hyde Park, and went to the President’s library. Something I saw there encouraged me, and made me feel that perhaps you will not expect overmuch of me in speaking to you extemporaneously. What do you think I saw there? I saw
many things. But the one thing which interested me most of all was that in a glass case there was the first draft of tone of the President’s speeches, a second draft, and on and on up to the sixth draft. Yesterday I happened to mention this fact to the President, and told him that I was extremely glad that he had to write so many drafts when he is such a well-known and
acknowledgedly fine speaker. His reply to me was that sometimes he writes 12 drafts of a speech. So, my remarks here today, being extemporaneous, I am sure you will make allowances for me.
The traditional friendship between your country and mine has a history of 160 years. I feel, and I believe that I am now the only one who feels this way, that there are a great many similarities between your people and mine, and that these similarities are the basis of our friendship.
I should like to tell you a little story which will illustrate this belief. When General Doolittle and his men went to bomb Tokyo, on their return some of your boys had to bail out in the interior of China. One of them later told me that he had to mail out of his ship. And that when he landed on Chinese soil and saw the populace running toward him, he just waved his arm and shouted the only Chinese word he knew, “Mei-kuo, Mei-kuo,” which means “America,”
I came to your country as a little girl. I know your people. I have lived with them. I spent the formative years of my life amongst your people. I speak your language, not only the language of your hearts, but also your tongue. So coming here today I feel that I am also coming home.
I believe, however, that it is not only I who am coming home; I feel that if the Chinese people could speak to you in your own tongue, or if you could understand our tongue, they would tell you that basically and fundamentally we are fighting for the same cause ; that we have identity of ideals’ that the “four freedoms,” which your President proclaimed to
the world, resound throughout our vast land as the gong of freedom, the gong of freedom of the United Nations, and the death knell of the aggressors.
I assure you that our people are willing and eager to cooperate with you in the realization of these ideals, because we want to see to it that they do not echo as empty phrases, but become realities for ourselves, for your children, for our children’s children, and for all mankind.
How are we going to realize these ideals? I think I shall tell you a little story which just came to my mind. As you know, China is a very old nation. We have a history of 5,000 years. When we were obliged to evacuate Hankow and go into the hinterland to carry on and continue our resistance against
aggression, the Generalissimo and I passed one of our fronts, the Changsha front. One day we went in to the Heng-yang Mountains, where there are traces of a famous pavilion called “Rub-the-mirror” pavilion, which perhaps interest you to hear the story of that pavilion.
Two thousand years ago near that spot was an old Buddhist temple. One of the young monks went there , and all day long he sat cross-legged, with his hands clasped before him in and attitude of prayer, and murmured “Amita-Buddha! Amita-Buddha! Amita-Buddha!” He murmured and chanted day after day, because he hoped that he would acquire grace.
The Father Prior of that temple took a piece of brick and rubbed it against a stone hour after hour, day after day, and week after week. The little acolyte, being very young, sometimes cast his eyes around to see what the old Father Prior was doing. The old Father Prior just kept on this work of rubbing the brick against the stone. So one day the young acolyte said to him, “Father Prior, what are you doing day after day rubbing this brick of stone?” The Father Prior replied, “I am trying to make a mirror out of this brick.” The young acolyte said, “But it is impossible to make a mirror out of a brick, Father Prior.” “Yes,” said the Father Prior, “and it is just as impossible for you to acquire grace by doing nothing except
murmur ‘Amita-Buddha’ all day long, day in and day out.”
So my friends, I feel that it is necessary for us not only to have ideals and to proclaim that we have them, it is necessary that we act to implement them. And so to you, gentlemen of the Senate, and to you ladies and gentleman in the galleries, I say that without the active help of all of us, our leaders cannot implement these ideals. It’s up to you and to me to take to heart the lesson of “Rub-the-Mirror” pavilion.
I thank you.
Following her address, Mme. Chiang Kai-shek and the distinguished visitors accompanying her and the others guests of the Senate were escorted from the Chamber
中文对照：
宋美龄43年美国国会演讲
议长先生，美国参议院各位议员，各位女士、先生，受到诸位所代表的美国人民热情与真诚的欢迎，令我感动莫名。我事先不知今天要在参议员发表演说，只以为要到此说声"大家好，很高兴见到各位"，并向贵国人民转达敝国百姓的问候之意。不过，在来到此地之前，贵国副总统告诉我，他希望我和各位说几句话。
我并不善于即席演说，事实上根本称不上是演说家，但我不会因此怯场，因为前几天我在海德公园参观过总统图书馆，在那里看见一些东西鼓动了我，让我感觉各位或许不会对我的即席演说要求太多。
各位知道我在那里见到什么吗？我看到了许多，但最让我感兴趣的，莫过于一个放着总统先生（译注：即罗斯福总统）演说草稿的玻璃箱，里头从第一份草稿，第二份草稿，一直到第六份草稿。昨天，我碰巧向总统先生提及此事，我说倭很高兴知道，以他如次知名又公认的演说家，还必须写这么多份草稿。他回答说，有时他一次演说得写12份草稿。因此，今天本人在此发表的即席演说，我确信各位一定会包容。
贵国和敝国之间有着160年悠久历史的情谊，我觉得贵国人民和敝国百姓有许许多多的相似点，而这些相似点正是两国情谊的基础，我也相信并非只有我有这样的感觉。
在此，我想说个小故事，来说明此一信念。
杜利特尔将军和部下一起去轰炸东京，回程时有些美国子弟兵不得不在中国内陆跳伞，其中一人后来告诉我，他被迫从飞机跳伞，踏上中国的土地时，看到当地居民跑向他，他就挥着手，喊出他会说的唯一中国话："美国。美国"，也就是"美利坚"的意思，（掌声）美国在中国话的意思是"美丽的国家"。这个大男孩说，敝国人民听了都笑起来，拥抱他，像欢迎失散多年的兄弟一般。他还告诉我说，当他看到我们的人民，感觉 他已经回到了家；而那是他第一次来到中国。（掌声）
我来到贵国时是个小女孩，我熟悉贵国人民，我和他们一起生活过。我生命中成长的岁月是和贵国人民一起度过的，我说你们的话，我想的和你们一样，说的也和你们一样。所以今天来到这里，我也感觉我好像回到家了。（掌声）
不过，我相信不只是我回到了家，我觉得，如果中国人民会用你们的语言与你们说话，或者你们能了解我们的语言，他们会告诉你们，根本而言，我们都在为相同的理念奋战（如雷掌声）；我们有一致的理想；亦即贵国总统向全世界揭示的"四个自由"：自由的钟声、联合国自由的钟声，和侵略者的丧钟响彻我国辽阔的土地。（掌声）
谨向各位保证，敝国人民深愿亦渴望为实现这些理想和贵国合作，因为我们希望这些理想不会流于空言，而是成为我们的子子孙孙、全人类的真况实境。（掌声）
我们要如何实现这些理想？我想，我可以告诉各位一个我刚想到的小故事。各位知道，中国是一个非常古老的国家。我们有五千年历史。我们被迫从汉口撤退，转入大后方继续抵抗侵略的时候，蒋委员长和我经过一处前线，就在长沙。有一天，我们上衡山，山上有一处有名的遗迹，叫"磨镜台"，是两千多年前的古迹。诸位或许有兴趣听听这古迹的故事。
两千年前，台址近旁有一座古老的佛寺。一名年轻和尚来此修行，他整天盘腿坐禅，双手合一，口中喃喃念着"阿弥陀佛！阿弥陀佛！阿弥陀佛！"他唱念佛号，日复一日，因为他希望成佛。
寺里的主持于是也跟着拿一块砖去磨一块石头，时时刻刻地磨，一天又一天地磨，一周又一周地磨。小和尚有时抬眼瞧瞧老和尚在做什么。主持只是一个劲儿拿砖磨石。终于有一天，小和尚对主持说："大师，您每天拿这块砖磨石头。到底为什么呢？"主持答道："我要用这块砖做镜子。"小和尚说："可砖块是做不成镜子的呀，大师。""没错，"主持说："就像你成天光念阿弥陀佛，是成不了佛的。"（掌声）
因此，朋友们，我觉得，我们不但必须有理想，不但要昭告我们有理想，我们还必须以行动来落实理想。（掌声）
所以，我要对诸位参议员先生，以及旁听席上的女士和先生们说，没有我们大家的积极协助，我们的领袖无法落实这些理想。诸位和我都必须谨记"磨镜台"的教训。
非常感谢大家。（全场掌声，议员与来宾起立）

成龙的成长史 英语100词 速度支援啊

Chan was born on April 7, 1954, in Victoria Peak, in the former Crown colony of Hong Kong, as Chan Kong-sang (meaning "born in Hong Kong") to Charles and Lee-Lee Chan, refugees from the Chinese Civil War. He was nicknamed Paopao (Chinese: 炮炮, literally meaning "Cannonball") because the high-energy child was always rolling around.
Chan attended the Nah-Hwa Primary School on Hong Kong Island, where he failed his first year, after which his parents withdrew him from the school. In 1960, his father immigrated to Canberra, Australia, to work as the head cook for the American embassy, and Chan was sent to the China Drama Academy, a Peking Opera School run by Master Yu Jim-yuen.
At the age of 8, he appeared with some of his fellow "Little Fortunes", in the film Big and Little Wong Tin Bar (1962), with Li Li Hua playing his mother. Chan appeared with Li again the following year, in The Love Eterne (1963) and had a small role in King Hu’s 1966 film, Come Drink with Me.
Chan joined his parents in Canberra in 1976, where he briefly attended Dickson College and worked as a construction worker.
维基百科里的

pretty good year（LP Version）tori amos 歌词的中文翻译

歌曲名:Pretty Good Year (Lp Version)
歌手:Tori Amos
专辑:Under The Pink
Tears on the sleeve of a man 男人袖子上的泪
Don’t wanna be a boy today 今天不想做男孩
Heard the eternal footman 听到永恒的男仆
Bought himself a bike to race 为他自己买了自行车去追逐
And Greg he writes letters 且Greg他写信
And burns his CDs 且焚烧了他的CD
They say you were something in those formative years他们说你是那些成长期的某物
Hold onto nothing 没有什么可以守护
As fast as you can 尽你所能快
Well still pretty good year 依旧相当美好年代
huh~~~~pretty good~~~相当美好
Maybe a bright sandy beach也许明亮的沙滩
Is going to bring you back能将你带回
back...back......带回。。。带回。。。
May not so now you’re off 也许不能 所以现在你离开了
You’re gonna see America你将看到美国
Well let me tell you something about america让我告诉你美国的一些事
Pretty good year相当美好年代
huh~ pretty good year相当美好年代
Some things are melting now一些东西在融化
Some things are melting now一些东西在融化
Well what’s it gonna take 需要付出什么
Till my baby’s alright 直到我的宝贝变好
what’s it gonna take需要付出什么
Till my baby’s alright直到我的宝贝变好
huh~
And Greg he writes letters with his birthday pen 且Greg他用他生日的笔写信
Sometimes he’s aware that they’re drawing him in优势他明白 他们在拉他
Lucy was pretty Lucy 很漂亮
Your best friend agreed 你的好友也同样
Still Pretty good year依旧是相当美好的年代
huh~ pretty good~相当美好
huh~ pretty good~相当美好